Portable derrick



W. S. GARRETT.

PORTABLE Diam-cx.

KPP'LICATION f lLED JULY l, |919.

1o SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Arronnfr W. S. GARRETT.

PORTABLE DERRICK.

xPPLlcAUoN FILED JuLy 1. |919.

1,399,424. Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

\0 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TTORNEYS W. S. GARRETT. PoR-TABLE DERRICK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I; 1919.

1,399,424. PatentedDec. 6, 1921. 1o SHEETS-SHEET a.

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PORTABLE DERRICK. APPLICATION FILED JULY 1. 1919.

1,399.4-24. Patented Dec.- 6, 1921.l

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PORTABLE DERRICK.

1,399,424, Patented Dee. 6,1921.

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PORTABLE DERRICK.

APPLICATION man JULY 1, 1919'.

1,399,424', .Patented Dec. 6,` 1921.

`l0 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

w..s. GARRETT.

PORTABLE DERRICK. AFPLICATION FILED JULY I. |919.

Patented Dee. 61,1921.

Vl0 SHEETS-.SHEET 8.

WITNESSES 9% JSM w. S.`GABRETT. PORTABLE DERRICK. APPLICATION FILED'JULY1`, 19.19.

1,399,424. Patented Dec. 6, 1921.A

INH HIIIIIHII Arron/ver W. S. GARRETT. PORTABLE DERRICK.

APPLICATION FILED-JULY l, i919. 1,399,424, Patented Deo. 6, 1921.

10 SHEETS-SHEET l0.

A TTOHNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PORTABLE DERRICK.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 6, 1921.'

Application led .Tuly 1, 1919. Serial No. 307,963.

To au 'whom it may cm1-cem.:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM STANHOPE GARRETT. a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Richmond, in the county of Henrico and Stateof Virginia, have made certain new and useful Improvements in PortableDerricks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in portable derricks, and itconsists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements hereindescribed and claimed.

One of the foremost objects of my invention is to provide a portablederrick which is capable of being easily operated by one man.

A further object of the invention is to provide a portable derrick, inwhich the steering, propelling, turning, revolving and load liftingfunctions can all be accomplished bv one man. v

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel arrangement in aportable derrick, whereby the load can be readily dumped from thelifting cradle by operation from the platformof the derriclr.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is aside elevation of the improved portable derrick, showing the liftercradle at the bottom in position to receive a load.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the lifter cradle at the top in theload dumping position.

Fig. 3 is an inverted plan viewof the platform, showing the steering andpropelling mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view on line 4-4 of Fig. 8 showing themounting structure of one of the wheels,

Fig. 5 is a detail vertical section through the platform and on the line5-5 of Fig. 2,

showing the mechanism for actuating the steering and propellingmechanisms,

Fig. 6 is a detail vertical section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 is a detail horizontal section taken substantially on the line7-7 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 8 is a detail sectional View taken substantially on the line 8-8 ofFig. 7,

Fig. 9 is a detail section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is a detail front elevation of the hoisting mechanism,

Fig. 11 is a vertical section taken substantially on the line 11-11 ofFig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a detail perspective view of the shifting lever fordisconnecting the hoisting mechanism and setting the turn table inrevolution,

Fig. 13 isa vertical section of the load lifting cradle,

Fig. 14 is a detail view of one of the roller bearings of the cradle,

Fig. 15 is a detail cross sectional view taken substantially on the line15-15 of Fig. 14,

Fig. 16 is a front elevation of the lifting cradle, showing the mountingwhereby it can be laterally rocked, Y

Fig. 17 is a rear elevation of the cradle, showing the mechanism forreleasing the lifter arm whereby the load is dumped,

F10'. 18 is a plan view of the lifting cradle,

Fig. 19 is a detail sectional view taken substantially on the line 19-19of Fig. 17,

Fig. 2O is a detail sectional view of the main sheave at the top, and

Fig. 21 is a detail horizontal section taken substantially on the line21-21 of Fig. 20.

In order to give a clear description of the construction and mode ofoperation of the improved portable derrick, the various major parts andoperations are described below in regular order, concluding with a briefrsume of the operation. Consider rst The 'frame 0f the dew'z'clc.

This consists of a circular base 1, beneath which the propellingv andsteering gear is located to support the superstructure of the derrick.The base 1 has a peripheral flange or wall 2, which in turn has awidened bearing head 3 on which the roller bearings 4 move.

A turntable or platform 5 carries the rollers 4 in suitable brackets 6.The turntable 5 is capable of rotation independently of the circularbase 1 by means described under the heading Revolving mechanism. Thebearing head 3 carries an internal gear rim 7, secured in place at 8, bymeans of which the turntable is made to revolve. The turntable is keptfrom lifting oif of the 9. brackets, the ends of which extend beneaththe bearing plate 3` as clearly shown` in4 Fig. 5.

Arising from the turntable 5 is a pa-lr of channel Iiron standards 10,1,1. These standards are spoken of as'being of channel iron. They may beof wood if desired, or they may be of some other structure other thanchannel iron. These standards, together with a pair of cross pieces 12at the top, form a superstructure which 1s suitably braced at'13 andsecured tothe turntable 5 by the securing means 14. A largemain sheave15 is journaled onV top of the superstructure. Attention is directed toFigs, 20 and 21 wherein the construction of the sheaves is `clearlyshown. j

Suitable bearingsV 16-on the cross pieces l12 at the top, have journals17 in which the shaft 18 of the-main sheave is supported. The sheave 15has a groove 19 in which the hoisting rope or cable 2O runs. An idler21, supported on an upward extension 22 on the standard 10, guides thecable 20 on theleft side. The hoisting cable 20 extends fromthe-hoisting mechanism at the right to the load lifting cradle at theleft.

The propelling mecfmm'smis best shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5,v 6and 7, towhich attention is directed.` A pedestal 23, maderof suitable openframework, is suitably secured at 24 to the circular base 1 and extendsthrough an opening 25 in the turntable 5.

Bearing plates 26, 2 7 connect the various portions of the frameworkofthe pedestal. A stub shaft 28 is suitably journaled on the bearingplate 26, and carries a bevel pinion' 29., This bevel pinionis driven bya similar pinion 30 on the propelling sleeve 31,which carries thepropelling wheel 32 at the top.

Un turning the propelling wheel 32, the stub shaft 28 is made to turn..Motion is thereby imparted to the rear wheels 33 through a sprocket 34on the stub shaft 28,

a chain 35 which leads toa largesprocket 36 on a counter shaft 37, asmaller sprocket 38 integral with the sprocket36, a chain 39 and asprocket 40 on the axle 41 by whichy the wheelsv33 are carried.

VThe axle 41, although shown square` in Fig. 5, is rounded at the ends,or otherwise provided with suitable bearings in the. journals 42 of thegear frame 43. This gear frame is fixedly supported beneath the circularbase 1 by suitable means 44. A plate 45 extends across and Von top ofthe gear frame 43.

This plate has a suitable opening 46 to admit the vprojecting part ofthe gears 36, 38. Suitable bearings 47 on the plate 45, support thecountershaft 37. The plate 45 also has asuitable step. bearing 48 inwhich the lower end of the propelling sleeve 31 rests, as clearly shownin Fig. 5. Y

The readerwillunderstand at once that the operator stands on theturntable 5 and propelsl the derrick in the desired direction by4turning the propelling wheel 32. This operates to turn the rear wheels33, thereA by causing the derrick to move. Obviously, the wheels 33'maybe rotated by power other than that exerted by the operator as, forexample, byl means ofan electric motor. This modification is not desiredtol be illus trated, however, as it can be clearly understoodhow suchIan arrangement would be made in case it were used; Attention is newdirectedjtoA The steering mectmzsna also shown in F igs. 3 .and5. Thevsteering Wheel 49 is suitably fixed to the steering shaft 50 whichextends down inside of the propelling sleeve31.l f The shaft and sleeveare movable independentlyof each other by turning one or the-other ofthewheels at the ,upper ends. The steering shaft 50 extends through theplate 45, -where it carries the gear. 51. which ineshsvvith the gearsegment 52`ron the front axle 53.'` Y Y This axle is suitably arrangedto turn ou the fixed pivot54. It carries ,the steeringl wheels 55 atthe. extremities.` A reachbar 561extends` from one side tothe other 'inparallelism with the front axle. Both wheels 32 and49 are'close at handto the operator, andv as he: turns the ,propelling wheel 32 to cause the`derrick to move` over the floor, he can give the steering wheel 49asufficient part of a turn to adjust the steering wheels 55 at the toptov cause the derrick to move in the proper direction.

maant@ amaze,

19, comprises a rockable head 57 `from which Vbest-shown in Figs. 13,14, 15, 16, 17,18 and a pluralityof movable lifter arms 58 extend.-lThese arms` are normally rigidly fixed substantially at rightangles tothe rockable '4 head 57 but are capable of being suiiicientlyreleased toallow themto assumel positions at'inclined angles with` respect to therockvable head 57, so that the vload will slide off as in Fig. 2. v

A carrier 59formsthe support on which the head 57 is pivotally orrockably mounted at 60. The carrier includes the front carrier plateplwhich serves to keepV the rockable head 57 `in place andprovide anV ade`quarte support therefor. VThe carrier 59includes flanges lor arms 62which extend aroundadjacent portionsofthe standard 10 as elearlyfshownin Fig. 18. i

The standard 10 constitutes a rail on which the bearing rollers63lof`the carrier 59 ride. These railsfcan be of any suitabletype andmay be fastened in position by the means 64, clearly shown in Figs. 14and 15. The cable 2O is suitably attached to the carrier 59, as at 65.

Holder arms 66, pivoted at 67 Von back of the rockable head 57, serve tokeep the head 57 from rocking when they engage the sides of the carrier59 as shown in Fig. 17. Ropes 68 extend down from the arms 66 withinreach of the operator. On pulling either set of ropes, the holding armsare released so that the head 57 can be rocked to one or the other side,thereby rolling the load off laterally if it be so desired.

Stop pins 69 limit the rocking motion of the head 57. These pins can bearranged either to engage the carrier 59 or the front plate 61, eitherarrangement serving to limit the movement of the rockable head. Thelower edge of the head 57 is thickened at 7 0, to provide a more amplebase for the support of the arms 58 and the mechanismcooperatingtherewith.

Each lifter arm 58 has an extension 71 which extends through an opening72 in the thickened edge 70, and is pivotally mounted at 78 in asuitable bracket 74. Each lifter arm is capable of swinging down intothe dotted line position in Fig. 19 to let the load slide off as in Fig.2, when one of the cables 74 is pulled.

There is a cam 75 beneath each eXtenslon 71. The cams 75 on therespective sides of the carrier 59, are mounted on cam shafts 76, towhich oppositely extending arms 77 are attached. These arms carrythepull cables 74. It will be understood at once that on pulling on oneor the other cable 74, the shaft 76 is rocked in the correspondingdirection, thereby moving the cams 75 from beneath the extensions 71,letting the lift arms 58 move to the dotted line position. On pulling onthe oppositepull cable, the reverse action takes place and the lifterarms 58 are restored to the normal positions. It may be observed in Fig.19 that the cams 7 5 are housed in the openings 72, so as to protectthem from possible injuries.

T he hoisting mechanism is contained in a casing 78, as clearly shown inFigs. 10 and 11. This casing is carried by the right standard 11. Onturning the handle 7 9. the cable 20`is either' wound on or unwound fromthe hoisting drum 8O thereby causing the lifting cradle to respondeither by an up or down movement, as may be required. A. train of gears81 `between the handle 79 and the shafts of the drum 8O enables theapplication of Suilicient power to the hoisting cable 2O to raise theload.

A dog 82, coperating with the ratchet 83, serves to hold the load at anydesired place along the standard 10. The dog remains in engagement withthe ratchet 83 by gravity but may be held out of engagement by a detent84 at one side, as shown in Fig. 10.

A. brake drum 85, to which the brake band 86 is applied, enables thegradual letting down of the lifter cradle upon the release of the dog82. The brake band is suitably attached at one end at 87, the other endeX- tending down to a connection 88 which is joined to the treadle 89 inFig. 8. This treadle is pivoted at 90 and has a counter weight 91 whichkeeps the brake band normally loose. The operator steps on the treadle89 in order to tighten the brake band around the drum.

The refvohung mechanism forms .a part of the hoisting mechanism, but itsoperation is altogether independent from the hoisting mechanism. Theshaft 92, of which the handle 79 is a part, carries a shiftable sleeve93, with a spur gear 94 on one end and a bevel gear 95 on theother.

Under normal conditions, the spur gear 94 meshes with the nearest largegear of the frame 81, the Shift-ing handle 96 having been shifted tosecure this position.A NVhen the shifting handle 96 is shifted in theother direction, the bevel gear 95 is made to en- 'gage the bevel pinion97 on the upper end of 'the revolving shaft 98, so that upon turning theshaft 92, by means of the handle 79, the revolving shaft 98 is made toturn. A spur gear 99 on the lower end of the revolving shaft 98,meshes,V with the internal gear 7 carried by the peripheral wall 2 ofthe circular base 1, so that the turntable 5 is made to revolve inrespect to the circular base. It

is understood that when this operation occurs, the spur gear 94 is outof engagement withthe gear 81 and no movement of the hoisting mechanismresults.

T he operation.

Vhile the operation is fully described in connection with the foregoingdescription of the construction of the various parts, yet it is thoughtto be of advantage to give a brief rsum. The operator mounts theplatform or turntable 5, and by turning the propelling wheel 32, conveysthe derrick to any desired place by driving the rear wheels 33 in Fig.5. The driving connection consistsk of the various sprockets and chainsclearly showrY in that figure.

If he desires to make a turn. While propelling the derrick, he uses thesteering wheel 49, by means of which the front wheels 55 are turned intothe direction he desires to go. The lifting cradle, which consists ofthe rockable head 57 and lifter arms 58, is lowered on the left standard10 to the desired point, as for example in Fig. 1. The burden is placedon the lifter cradle, and thereupon the operator turns the handle 79 ofthe hoisting mechanism, so that the cable 20, which `is attached to thecarrier 59 of the lifting cradle, raises the latter together With theload,to the position in Fig. 2.

Should? it be desired to tilt the head 57 in one or the other direction,the ropes 68 are pulled, thereby unlocking the arms 66 from engagement-With the carrier 59, anden- 'l-bling the head 57 to be tilted to thatside `on which the pullthrou'gh the rope 68 is strongest. Under othercircumstances, the operator may desire to incline the lifter arms V58 soas to let the load slide oif as in Fig. 2.

To accomplish this, he pulls on one or the other of the pull cables 7 4in Fig. 19, Whereupon the cain is moved from bcneaththe extension 7l,letting tlie'lifter arms 58 ineline downwardly so that the load slidesoif ling-the derrick, a shaft in the? sleeve withVv a hand wheel closetothe ropelling hand Wheel` for steering the derriek during propulsion,adjacently located hoisting means,

and operatively associated load lifting means. p

2. A portable derrick, comprising a base structure with means carriedthereby enabling the propulsion of the derrick by one man, operativelyassociated means for steering the base structure Vduring propulsion, asuperstructure carried by the base struc ture, hoisting mechanism, loadlift-ing means operatively associated with said superstructure andhoisting means, and independently operable means associated with saidlifting means for discharging the load either 1aterally or toward 4thefront. Y

3. A portable dcrrick, comprisinga base structure mounted on` Wheels, ahand'yvheel structure, Withoperating connections Vto certain of theWheels, forturning said Wheels to propel the derrick, and otherhandWheelV structure, operatively associated with the Vformer and havingoperating connection to others of said wheels, tosteer the derrickduring propulsion. Y

4. A crank for normally operating the hoisting mechanism of aportablederrick, a turntable forming a part of the base structure of thederrick, normally inoperative mechanism capable `of turning saidturntable by saidcrank, and means for rendering said mechanism operativeand at .the

same time rendering the hoisting mechanism inoperative.

i v 5. A crank normally operatively associated With the hoistingmechanism of a portable derrick; a turntable Vforming part of thebasestructure ,of the derrick, normally disconnected and inoperative meansfor turning the turntable, and sliiftable means operatively associatedWith the crank, rendering said turning means operative and said hoistingmeans inoperative, when shifted in one direction.

6. A crank, with normally operatively associated hoisting mechanism of aportable derrick; albase structure, with a rotatable turntable having aderrick superstructure on'which the hoisting mechanism is mounted;normally idle rotating means operatively associated With'the crank,turntable and the base structure, and shiftable means for rendering thehoisting mechanism inoperative when shifted in onedirection, but`rendering said rotating means operative to rotate the turntable andlsuperstructure in respect to the base `structure'vvhen the crank issubsequently turned.

7. The combination, of a crank handle including ashaftfportion, avsleeveslidablyV mounted on the shaft portion, with a spur gear for drivingassociated hoisting mechanism, and aV bevel gear; operatively associatedbut normally Vidle turntable rotating means including Va shaft and bevelgear, and means vfor shiftin the sleeve to disconnect the spur gear anconnect the bevel gears, whereby the shaft is'rotated on subsequent`turning of the crank handle.

8. A base structure including an annular bearing head with an undercutportion, a turntable,l Withlantifriction` means running on the bearinghead; and meanscarried by the turntable extending into said undercutportion for preventing the displacement of the turntable.

9. A base structure, including a bearing Vhead withv an undercutportion, and having an internal gear vin fixed relationship thereV with;a turntable 4including anti-friction means in engagement with thebearing head; means carried bythe turntable for holding the turntable inplace on the base structure by engaging said `undercut portion, andmeans operatively associated with the turntable in engagement with saidinternal gear, for revolving the turntable in respect to the basestructure when said means is actuated.

l0. A base structure, having a gear frame; propelling AWheelsoperatively mounted .on

the gear frame, propellingy mechanism for said Wheels including bracketand driving connections carried'by the frame; a pedestal carried by thebase structure, a propelling Wheel, including a propelling sleeveoperatively mounted in the pedestal tand including a bearing on saidframe, with driving connection to said propelling mechanism; steeringWheels operatively mounted on said frame, a steering hand Wheel adjacentthe propelling Wheel, with a steering shaft, extending through thesleeve; and steering mechanism actuated by said shaft, including asegment and gear arrangement.

11. A gear frame with a plate having a step bearing, propelling Wheelsincluding an axle operatively mounted on the frame, steering Wheelsincluding an axle operatively mounted on the frame, means for actuatingthe propellin Wheels, including a sleeve supported in t e step bearing,With operating connections including a counter shaft mounted on saidgear frame; andl means for actuating the steering Wheels, including ashaft extending through the sleeve and plate, With a gear engaging asegment operatively associated wlth t e steering Wheel axle.

12. A circular base with an upstanding annular flange terminating in abearing head with an undercut portion, a turntable operatively mountedon the base, including anti-friction means engaging said bearing head;and means for holding the turntable Jon the base, including bracketportions extending beneath said undercut portion.

13. A portable derrick, comprising a turntable, with a superstructureincluding a main rope sheave; a portable base structure in respect towhich the turntable is capable of rotating, hoisting means includ-V inga cable passing over the sheave and down on one side, mechanismoperatively associated with the hoisting mechanism, movable into oneposition to enable the rotation of the turntable and superstructure onthe base structure Without actuating said hoisting mechanism, and a loadlifting cradle operatively associated With said cable, and running on aportion of said superstructure. 14. A lifting cradle, comprising amovable carrier, a cradle head pivotally mounted on the carrier butnormally prevented from movement in respect thereto, and a plurality oflifter arms extending from said head.

15. A lifting cradle, comprising a car rier, a cradle head pivotallymounted on the carrier, means carried by the head and operativelyassociated With th-e carrier, for normally preventing motion of the headin respect to the carrier, but capable of actuation to press the head toeither side; a plurality of lifter arms movably mounted on the cradlehead, and instrumentalities normally preventing said arms from movement,but being capable of allowing limited movement of said arms when theload isA to be discharged to the front.

16. A lifting cradle, comprising a head, and a plurality of lifter armsindividually,r mounted but simultaneously movable in respect to thehead, and including operatively associated means normally holding thearms at right angles to the head but permitting said arms to assume aninclination When actuated. Y

17. A lifting cradle, comprising a cradle head with a plurality of setsof lifter arms, means providing a common pivotal mounting for each setof arms, means operatively associated With the arms forholding them in arigid normal position in respect to the cradle head, and means foractuating said holding means in either direction, to release the arms,allowing them to assume positions at an inclination to the formerpositions, and thereafter restoring said arms to the aforesaid normalpositions.

18. A lifting cradle, including a movable carrier, a cradle head,pivotally mounted on the carrier with means for limiting rocking motion.in respect to the carrier, and including a thickened edge With openings,lifter arms arranged in sets, with extensions reaching through saidopenings, bearing means for said arms, means common to each set of arms,including cams located and housed in certain of the openings forsupporting said arms in normally rigid positions; and means foractuating said cams, permitting the arms to move on said bearing meansand assume inclined positions in respect to the cradle head, said meansbeing movable in the other direction to restore said arms to the normalpositions.

WILLIAM STANHOPE GARRETT.

